International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021120130603889895ENDepartment of Biology, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, IranMedical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Sharekord, IranDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranClinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Sharekord, IranMedical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Sharekord, IranMedical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Sharekord, IranDepartment of Internal Medicine Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20130603<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to determine the effects of <em>Anethum graveolens </em>(Dill) powder on postprandial lipid profile, markers of oxidation and endothelial activation when added to a fatty meal.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an experimental study, 32 rabbits were randomly designated into four diet groups: normal diet, high cholesterol diet (1%), high cholesterol diet plus 5% (w/w) dill powder and high cholesterol diet plus lovastatin (10 mg/kg, bw). The concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low‑density lipoproteins‑cholesterol (LDL‑C), alanine aminotransferase (alt), aspartate aminotransferase (ast), fibrinogen, factor VII, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), nitrite and nitrate were measured in blood samples following 15 h of fasting and 3 h after feeding.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Concurrent use of <em>A. graveolens </em>powder or lovastatin significantly decreased ALT, TC, glucose, fibrinogen and LDL‑C values in comparison with hypercholesterolemic diet group (<em>P </em>&lt; 0.05). Consumption of <em>A. graveolens </em>or lovastatin did not change factor VII, ApoB, nitrite and nitrate levels significantly in comparison with hypercholesterolemic diet group. Intake of <em>A. graveolens </em>significantly decreased serum AST compared to hypercholesterolemic diet.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><em>A. graveolens </em>might have some protective values against atherosclerosis and that it significantly affects some biochemical risk factors of this disease. Our findings also confirm the potential harmful effects of oxidized fats and the importance of dietary polyphenols in the meal.</p> <strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Anethum graveolens</em>, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, rabbitshttp://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1207http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1207/1110