International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-7802032015060715311531EN20150607<strong>Background:</strong> Urban family physician program has been launched as a pilot in Fars andMazandaran provinces of Iran since 2012. Attitudes of policy makers and people toward urban<br />family physician program have become challenging. This study shows what people know and practice toward this program.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross‑sectional population‑based study was conducted by a multistage randomized sampling in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Knowledge and practice of adults toward urban family physician program were queried through filing the questionnaires. Single and multiple variable analyzes<br />of data were performed.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Participation rate was 1257 of 1382 (90.9%), and the mean age of the respondents was<br />38.1 &plusmn; 13.2 years. Of 1257, 634 (50.4%) were men and 882 (70.2%) were married. Peoples&rsquo; total knowledge toward urban family physician program was 5 &plusmn; 2.7 of 19, showed that 1121 (89.2%) had a low level of knowledge. This was correlated positively and in order to being under coverage of this<br />program (P &lt; 0.001), being under coverage of one of the main insurance systems (P = 0.04) and being married (P = 0.002). The mean score of people&rsquo;s practice toward the program was 2.3 &plusmn; 0.9 of total score 7, showed that 942 (74%) had poor performance, and it was correlated positively and in order to being under coverage of this program (P &lt; 0.001) and having higher than 1000$ monthly income (P = 0.004). Correlation of people&rsquo;s knowledge and practice toward the program was 24%.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Current evidences show a low level of knowledge, poor practice and weak correlation of knowledge‑practice of people toward urban family physician program.<br /><strong>Keywords: </strong>Family physician program, knowledge, people, population, practice, righthttp://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1531http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1531/1824