International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-7802002016082417271727ENDepartment of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya PradeshDepartment of Biomedical Science, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar PradeshDepartment of Biomedical Science, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh20160824<strong>Background:</strong> The present work was planned to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, lipid‑lowering, and<br />antioxidant effect of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum in streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced<br />diabetic rats.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> Single daily dose of 1 &times; 107 cfu/ml of L. casei and B. bifidum alone and in combination of<br />both was given to Wistar rats orally by gavaging for 28 days. Glucose tolerance test, fasting blood<br />glucose (FBG), lipid profile, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured from blood.<br />Glycogen from thigh muscles and liver and oxidative stress parameters from pancreas were analyzed.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Administration of L. casei and B. bifidum alone and in combination of both to diabetic rats<br />decreased serum FBG (60.47%, 55.89%, and 56.49%, respectively), HbA1c (28.11%, 28.61%,<br />and 28.28%), total cholesterol (171.69%, 136.47%, and 173.58%), triglycerides (9.935%, 8.58%,<br />and 7.91%), low‑density lipoproteins (53.27%, 53.35%, and 52.91%) and very low‑density<br />lipoproteins (10%, 8.58%, and 11.15%, respectively) and increased high‑density lipoproteins (13.73%,<br />15.47%, and 15.47%), and insulin (19.50%, 25.80%, and 29.47%, respectively). The treatment also<br />resulted in increase in muscle (171.69%, 136.47%, and 173.58%) and liver (25.82%, 6.63%, and<br />4.02%) glycogen level. The antioxidant indexes in pancreas of diabetic rats returned to normal<br />level with reduction in lipid peroxidation (30.89%, 46.46%, and 65.36%) and elevation in reduced<br />glutathione (104.5%, 161.34%, and 179.04%), superoxide dismutase (38.65%, 44.32%, and 53.35%),<br />catalase (13.08%, 27%, and 31.52%), glutathione peroxidase (55.56%, 72.23%, and 97.23%),<br />glutathione reductase (49.27%, 88.40%, and 110.86%), and glutathione‑S‑transferase (140%,<br />220%, and 246.6%, respectively) on treatment with L. casei, B. bifidum, and combination treatment.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Administration of L. casei and B. bifidum alone and in combination of both<br />ameliorated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in STZ‑induced diabetic Wistar rats.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, Bifidobacterium bifidum, dyslipidemia, Lactobacillus<br />caseihttp://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1727http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1727/2017