International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-7802962018062019231923ENDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanSchool of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20180620<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Today, using cellular phone and its harmful effects in human life is growing. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the global system for mobile communication (GSM) 900 MHz cellular phone radiofrequency waves on growth, morphology, and proliferation rate of<br />mesenchymal stem cells and Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF‑7) cells within the specifc distance and intensity. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">MCF‑7 and human adipose‑derived stem cells (HADSCs) were exposed to GSM cellular phones 900 MHz frequency with intensity of 354.6 </span><span class="fontstyle3">&micro;</span><span class="fontstyle2">W/cm</span><span class="fontstyle2" style="font-size: 5pt;">2 </span><span class="fontstyle2">during different exposure times 6, 21, 51, and 101 min/day with an interval of 10 min for each subsequent radiation exposure for 3 and 5 days at 10 and 20 cm distances from antenna. 3‑(4,5‑dimethythiazol‑ 2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and trypan blue test were used to determine the growth of cells and cell viability, respectively. Statistical analyses were carried out using three‑way ANOVA. Differences<br />were signifcant when </span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">&lt; 0.05. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The proliferation rates of both MCF‑7 and HADSCs cells in all exposure groups were signifcantly lower than controls (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">&lt; 0.05). There was a signifcant effect on the percentage of cell survival with increase the period of time from 3 to 5 days for MCF‑7 (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">&lt; 0.01) and HADSCs (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.02), respectively. Variations in distance had no signifcant effect on the percentage of cell survival (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.35) on MCF‑7 (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.02) and HADSCs (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.09) cells, respectively. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The results showed that radiation of GSM 900 MHz cellular<br />phone may be reduced cell viability and proliferation rates of both cells. It is recommended to reduce exposure time, increase distance from antenna, and reserve the use of cell phones for shorter conversations to prevent its biological and harmful effects. Further studies with other intensities and frequencies on different cells are recommended.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle4">Cell phones, cell proliferation, electromagnetic felds, neoplasms, stem cells</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1923http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1923/717717748