International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021052019052920482048ENTraditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, ArakDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, ArakDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan20190526<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Data on the effects of omega‑3 fatty acid supplementation on clinical symptoms and metabolic profles in patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH) are limited. This intervention was performed to assess the effects of omega‑3 fatty acid supplementation on clinical symptoms and metabolic profles in patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">This randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial was conducted among 40 women diagnosed with simple endometrial hyperplasia (EH). EH diagnosis was performed based on specifc diagnostic procedures of biopsy. Participants were randomised into two groups to intake 1,000 mg omega‑3 fatty acid supplements from flaxseed oil (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 20) or placebo (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 20), twice a day for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after the 12‑week intervention to determine related markers. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Compared with the placebo, omega‑3 fatty acid supplementation signifcantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (‑7.1 ± 9.6 vs. +2.0 ± 4.9 mg/dL, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.001), serum insulin levels (‑1.5 ± 4.6 vs. +1.6 ± 3.9 </span><span class="fontstyle4">µ</span><span class="fontstyle2">IU/mL, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.02) and homeostasis model of assessment‑insulin resistance (HOMA‑IR) (‑0.4 ± 1.1 vs. +0.4 ± 1.0, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.02). In addition, a signifcant increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+102.6 ± 69.6 vs. +5.0 ± 37.1 mmol/L, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">&lt; 0.001)<br />and total glutathione (GSH) levels (+63.6 ± 84.9 vs. ‑3.0 ± 69.4 </span><span class="fontstyle4">µ</span><span class="fontstyle2">mol/L, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.01) were seen following the supplementation of omega‑3 fatty acid compared with the placebo. Omega‑3 fatty acid supplementation had no signifcant effect on regression, lipid profles, and other biomarkersof inflammation and oxidative. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">In conclusion, we found that omega‑3 fatty acid administration for 12 weeks to subjects with EH signifcantly improved FPG, insulin, HOMA‑IR, TAC and GSH levels, but did not influence regression, lipid profles, and other biomarkers of<br />inflammatory and oxidative stress.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Endometrial hyperplasia, flaxseed oil, metabolic profles, supplementation</span></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2048http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2048/717717866