International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-780210112020022521842184ENDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Science, TehranDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Science, TehranDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Science, TehranDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Science, TehranDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Science, TehranDepartment of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran20200212<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection during childhood. Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) is a broad term that indicates an abnormal voiding pattern in a<br />child without anatomical and neurological impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine<br />the relationship between UTI and LUTD. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">This study was conducted at the Children<br />Medical Center Hospital in 2014–2016. The inclusion criteria of this study were at least one<br />UTI confirmed by a positive urine culture and active urine analysis in children who were well<br />toilet‑trained previously. Complete physical examination of the genitourinary and skeletal systems<br />was performed to identify patients with anomalies in these systems. The patients with genitourinary<br />system anomalies and obvious and prediagnosed neurological defects of the urinary system such as<br />neurogenic bladder were excluded from the study. To confirm the presence of LUTD, the scoring<br />system of Akbal </span><span class="fontstyle3">et al. </span><span class="fontstyle2">was applied. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">A total of 260 patients including 9.2% of males and<br />90.8% of females were included in this study. The prevalence of LUTD was 63.8% (166 cases) in<br />these patients. In this study, the prevalence of LUTD in patients with a single episode of UTI was<br />50.5%, while in patients with recurrence of UTI it was 88.9%. In patients with unilateral kidney scar<br />formation, 90.9% had a recurrence of UTI (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.003) which shows a strong correlation of unilateral<br />scar formation with recurrence of UTI. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">These data suggest that there is a significant<br />relationship between UTI and LUTD in children, so evaluation of voiding dysfunction is necessary<br />in this group. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, we can reduce the possible serious and<br />permanent sequels of LUTD in patients with UTIs.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Children, lower urinary tract dysfunction, scar formation, urinary tract infection</span></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2184http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2184/717718077