Impact of Supplementation with Omega‑3 in the Prevention of Contrast‑Induced Nephropathy Following Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Placebo‑Controlled Trial

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-7802111220210317Impact of Supplementation with Omega‑3 in the Prevention of Contrast‑Induced Nephropathy Following Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Placebo‑Controlled Trial24002400ENClinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz & Clinical Pharmacy Department, Shiraz University of Medical ScienceStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz20210316Background: Anti‑oxidants were investigated in several studies as a preventive strategy for prevention of contrast‑induced nephropathy (CIN). Omega‑3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have antioxidant properties; however, their role in the prevention of CIN is still unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of omega‑3 supplementation in the prevention of contrast‑induced nephropathy following elective percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This is a double‑blinded and randomized clinical trial. Eighty eligible patients with glomerular filtration rate of 30‑60 mL/min/1.73 m2, scheduled to undergo elective PCI, were randomly divided into omega‑3 (a single dose of 2500 mg omega‑3 12 hours before PCI plus hydration therapy) or control (placebo plus hydration therapy) groups. Blood specimens for measuring serum creatinine and cystatin C were collected from each patient at baseline and 24 h after PCI. Results: Omega‑3 did not show any significant effect on post‑PCI serum creatinine and cystatin C compared to the controls. In addition, serum creatinine analysis showed that CIN occurred in 6 (16.2%) patients of the omega‑3 and 4 (9.3%) patients of the control group (P = 0.50). Conclusions: Our results could not support the protective effect of a single dose of omega‑3 in decreasing serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, and the incidence of CIN in patients with CKD undergoing PCI. To better evaluate the effect of omega‑3, future studies with higher and/or multiple doses of omega‑3 are highly recommended.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2400http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2400/717718242