International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021342022062126462646ENDepartment of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, QomResearch Center for Air Pollutants, Professor of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, QomDepartment of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, QomDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, QomStudent Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, QomNational Medical Emergency Organization, Ministry of Health & Medical Education, Tehran20220524Measles is an infectious childhood disease with some death annually. The expansion of the coverage of vaccination plan has significantly reduced the mortality rate of this disease. Given that the endemic measles virus is not transmitted in the country and based on Regional Verification Commission (RVC) for Measles and Rubella Elimination has declared that measles and rubella have been eliminated in three countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region including Islamic Republic of Iran, Bahrain, and Oman. Therefore, to continue and preventing from reemerging of measles in Iran, it is essential to maintaining the immunization programs, diagnose, and investigate all suspicious cases and outbreaks. This article investigates the challenges facing to measles after elimination declaration in Iran. However, the elimination of these diseases to be sustainable needs a vigorous case identification protocol and contact follow up.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2646http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2646/717718481