International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-780214201011023030ENMSPH, DrPH, Georgia Division of Public Health.MBBS, MPH, Executive Health Officer, Brighan Mumbai Municipal Corporation. Mumbai.MD, DrPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.20101031<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> In this study, we investigated the determinants of poor adherence with anti-tuberculosis therapy among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Mumbai, India, receiving Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) therapy.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study on 538 patients receiving DOTS I and II regimen was conducted. Patients were interviewed and clinical and laboratory data were collected. Eighty seven patients were considered non-adherent. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine risk factors associated with non-adherence.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Factors associated with non-adherence were found to be different among the newly-diagnosed patients and all the other residual groups. Smoking during treatment and travel-related cost factors were significantly associated with non-adherence in the newly-diagnosed patients, while alcohol consumption and shortage of drugs were significant in the residual groups.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> An approach, targeting easier access to drugs, an ensured drug supply, effective solutions for travel-related concerns and modification of smoking and alcohol related behaviors are essential for treatment adherence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Tuberculosis, DOTS, Mumbai, Adherence, smoking, drug supply.</p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/30http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/30/301