International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78023220110817305305Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center and Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan.Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, and Child Health Promotion Research Center, IUMS, IsfahanDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Applied Physiology Research Center, IUMS, IsfahanImmunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Applied Physiology Research Center, IUMSDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center and Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan.Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, IUMS, IsfahanMD, Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.2011081320110813<p>Background: Considering the role of maternal thyroid stimulatinghormone (TSH) receptor blocking antibody (TRAb) in the etiology ofcongenital hypothyroidism (CH), this study aimed to determine TRAbamong patients with CH in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: In this case&ndash;control study, patients with CH and their motherswere compared with a group of healthy neonates and their mothers.Venous blood samples were obtained for measurement of TRAb usingenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method among mothersand their neonates. TSH of mothers was also determined.Results: The case group consisted of 65 patients with CH and theirmothers; controls were 148 healthy neonates and their mothers. Theprevalence of positive TRAb in patients with CH and their motherswas higher than in the control group (81.5% vs. 1.3% in mothers and80% vs. 0% in neonates, respectively, P&lt;0.05). The relationship betweenthe TRAb and occurrence of CH was significant (P&lt;0.05), whereas thecorresponding figure was not significant for TRAb and the level ofmaternal and neonatal TSH in case and control groups (P&gt;0.05).Conclusion: It seems that autoimmunity has an important role inthe etiology of CH. Further studies are necessary to determine otherautoantibodies in CH patients.Keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism, etiology, thyroid stimulatinghormone receptor blocking, autoimmunity</p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/305http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/305/394