International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021120120417683683ENDepartment of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Rush College of Medicine,Chicago, IL, USA20120417<p>We read with much interest &ldquo;Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Do We Really Need Them?&rdquo; As mentioned in the article, the use of multivitamin supplement is common, with 40&ndash;50% of people over the age of 50 using such supplements, resulting in a total sale approaching $28 billion dollars in 2011.^[1]</p> <p>Currently, there is much enthusiasm surrounding vitamin D supplementation and its long-term effects on cardiovascular disease. Many recent prospective studies have shown a greater incidence of cardiovascular events among those people with vitamin D deficiency; however, there have been no randomized controlled trials evaluating vitamin D supplementation in primary prevention of predefined cardiovascular events. Fortunately, the VITAL trial (NCT01169259), a randomized controlled primary prevention trial evaluating whether supplementation of 2000 IU of vitamin D3 or 1 g of omega-3 fatty acids reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancer in otherwise healthy patients, is currently ongoing.^[2]</p> Hopefully, the VITAL trial will help us reach some conclusion about vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/683http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/683/649