International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629712971EN1 Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 2 Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 2 Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan2 Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan2 Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20250226Background: Studies show that caveolin genes are associated with metabolic disorders, so we aimed to systematically review the association between caveolin genes and metabolic syndrome in human studies. This systematic review is conducted based on the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Methods: A systematic literature search was done on electronic databases including Embase, Scopus, Medline (PubMed), and Web of Science until September 2023 and updated until June 2024. Human studies that were published in English were included without restricting other variables such as time, age, and gender. Results: At the first step, 10313 papers were found, and at the final step, nine studies were included in the systematic review, and four studies entered the quantitative analysis. The result showed that metabolic syndrome is significantly associated with minor alleles in the following genes: CAV‑1 rs1997623 (OR = 1.44 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.86)), CAV‑1 rs11773845, 22375–22375 del AC, and CAV‑1 rs3807992. No significant association was found for CAV‑1 rs926198 (OR = 1.61 (95% CI: 0.89‑2.92)), and 22285 C>T. Caveolin mRNA level was increased in the cases of metabolic syndrome. CAV‑1 rs1997623 A allele changes the transcription factor binding site to increase the attachment of EBF1. Conclusions: This results in the enhancement of promoter activity and further transcription of the caveolin‑1 gene. In conclusion, individuals carrying minor alleles for the CAV‑1 gene might have an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. With future studies focusing on the matter, this gene can be used as a screening tool for metabolic health to detect individuals with a higher genetic susceptibility to metabolic syndrome.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2971http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2971/717718812

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629772977ENHealth Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Department of Management and Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Department of Management and Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanHealth Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20250226Background: In smart cities, prioritizing child safety through affordable technology like the Internet of Things (IoT) is crucial for parents. This study seeks to investigate different IoT tools that can prevent and address accidents involving children. The goal is to alleviate the emotional and financial toll of such incidents due to their high mortality rates. Methods: This study considers articles published in English that use IoT for children’s healthcare. PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases are considered as searchable databases. 273 studies were retrieved after the initial search. After eliminating duplicate records, studies were assessed based on input and output criteria. Titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance. Articles not meeting criteria were excluded. Finally, 29 cases had the necessary criteria to enter this study. Results: The study reveals that India is at the forefront of IoT research for children, followed by Italy and China. Studies mainly occur indoors, utilizing wearable sensors like heart rate, motion, and tracking sensors. Biosignal sensors and technologies such as Zigbee and image recognition are commonly used for data collection and analysis. Diverse approaches, including cloud computing and machine vision, are applied in this innovative field. Conclusions: In conclusion, IoT for children is mainly seen in developed countries like India, Italy, and China. Studies focus on indoor use, using wearable sensors for heart rate monitoring. Biosignal sensors and various technologies like Zigbee, Kinect, image recognition, RFID, and robots contribute to enhancing children’s well‑being.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2977http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2977/717718818

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629702970EN1 Larestan Health Center, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan2 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas3Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa,4Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa5 Department of Public Health, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy4Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa4Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa4Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa20250226Background: This study aimed to determine the relationships between opium use and metabolic syndrome in Fasa PERSIAN cohort data. Methods: This was an analytical cross‑sectional study conducted among participants of the first phase of the Fasa PERSIAN cohort study. A total of 10,074 participants (aged 35–70 years) were studied. The MetS was defined as per the National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III (NCEP‑ATP III) criteria. Independent sample t‑test and Chi‑square test were used for univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used to control for potential confounders and calculate odds ratios (ORs). Results: The MetS prevalence was 24.6% in the whole population (28.42% in women vs. 19.94% in men, P < 0.001). The prevalence of opium use was 23.2%. The odds of metabolic syndrome in smokers was lower than in non‑smokers (OR = 1.17%, 95% CI 1.001–1.37). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that opium consumption has an inverse relationship with metabolic syndrome. However, this study was cross‑sectional, and longitudinal studies are needed for more accurate conclusions. Opium is also a carcinogen. Therefore, its use is not recommended.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2970http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2970/717718811

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629732973ENDepartments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20250226Background: Notice to the importance of BK virus infection in kidney transplant patients, the present study aimed to present a protocol related to design aspects and implement a registration system for kidney transplant patients with BK virus infection in Isfahan Province, Iran. Method: The design process and different aspects of implementation and preparation of the platform for the registration of kidney transplant patients with BK virus infection were presented in this study. Indices related to the diagnosis, monitoring of the course of the disease, and the most important criteria related to the disease caused by BK virus and treatment of BK virus infection in kidney transplant patients were searched in reliable scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Up‑To‑Date, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. A team consisting of experts in nephrology, biostatistics, and epidemiology evaluated the specified variables as an expert panel and evaluated the content validity of the checklists designed quantitatively and qualitatively to finalize them. Results: The checklist was finalized in three sections: 1) demographic variables (age, gender, education,…), 2) clinical variables (primary cause of kidney failure, disease history, history of kidney disease in the family, laboratory and diagnostic parameters, clinical manifestations…), and 3) microbiologic information of BK virus infection. This information can be used for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow‑up of the patient. Conclusions: Our registry for kidney transplant patients with BK virus infection among the few ones in the world can provide a comprehensive valuable information collection about the risk factors and the course of changes in various indices in these patients and may improve the treatment process.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2973http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2973/717718814

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629742974EN1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20250226Background: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is the most common cause of neonatal mortality, currently confirmed with blood culture as the diagnostic gold standard. However, being time‑consuming, false‑negative results, being affected by even a single dose of antibiotics, and expensiveness are negative aspects. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of complete blood count (CBC) parameters: mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) which have been suggested in previous studies. Methods: A total of 100 term and preterm neonates (age ≥ 32 weeks) hospitalized in Alzahra and Shahid Beheshti hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, were studied. Fifty neonates with late neonatal sepsis were placed in the case group, and 50 neonates with other diagnoses were placed in the control group. Neonatal blood samples were sent to the laboratory, and MPV, NLR, and PLR were measured. Results: The mean (standard deviation) of MPV was 7.20 (4.39) in the case group and 9.55 (0.87) in the control group, and there was a significant difference between them (P value = 0.001). At the cutoff point of 8.25 in MPV, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.594 with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 30%. The mean (standard deviation) of NLR was 1.79 (1.21) in the case group and 2.28 (1.25) in the control group, and there was no significant difference between them (P value = 0.692). The mean (standard deviation) of PLR was 62.58 (34.57) in the case group and 65.11 (28.55) in the control group, and there was no significant difference between them (P value = 0.836). Conclusions: MPV, unlike NLR and PLR, can be used as a sensitive and cost‑effective primary screening index in late NS at the cutoff point of 8.25 due. However, low specificity suggests a poor diagnostic value.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2974http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2974/717718815

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629752975ENDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, IsfahanDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan20250226Background: Many studies have investigated the effects of exercise and chlorogenic acid in controlling and improving diabetes and reducing inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of endurance exercise and chlorogenic acid on oxidative and nitrosative stress indicators in skeletal muscle tissue of male C57BL/6 mice. Methods: A total of 35 mice were randomly divided into two groups: a high‑fat diet group to induce pre‑diabetes and a normal diet group. After inducing pre‑diabetes, mice in the high‑fat diet group were further divided into control, chlorogenic acid, endurance training, and endurance training + chlorogenic acid groups (n = 7). The exercise protocol was performed incrementally (speed 15–23 m/min) for 10 weeks (three sessions per week for 45 min) on a treadmill. Chlorogenic acid was administered at a rate of 110 mg/kg of body weight three times a week via gavage. Next, 24 hours after the last intervention, tissue samples were taken from the quadriceps femoris muscles and analyzed using the enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data were analyzed using one‑way analysis of variance and Dunnett’s post‑hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Endurance training significantly decreased glutathione (P = 0.01) and glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.026). Chlorogenic acid consumption also significantly decreased glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.007) and significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.011). Conclusion: Endurance training and chlorogenic acid supplementation may be used as therapeutic strategies to improve antioxidant capacity and prevent or reduce diabetes‑related complications.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2975http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2975/717718816

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629762976EN1 Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan2 Students Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran, 3 Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord,4 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd1 Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 5 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan1 Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 5 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20250226Background: Fampridine is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) to improve their movement and has exhibited a clinically significant improvement in gait function in a subset of MS patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale (ESDSS) from 4 to 7. Nevertheless, this drug has been reported to possess some adverse effects (AEs) like seizure because of its pharmacological features. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence rate of post‑medication side effects (SEs) of fampridine in MS patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study includes MS patients aged between 18 and 65 years, referred to the neurology clinic of Kashani Hospital from April 2022 to October 2022, all with administration of fampridine (10 mg tablet twice daily according to the product specifications). Safety in these patients was monitored through monthly SEs checklist questions during 6 months of screening. SPSS version 18 was used to analyze the data of this study. Results: From 319 participants screened at baseline, 254 patients with MS, including 127 relapsing‑remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 101 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and 26 primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), were included in the study. The most observed AEs in SPMS and RRMS patients were dry mouth (13.9% vs. 15%) and insomnia (12.9% vs. 11%), respectively. Urinary tract infection (UTI) (11.5%) and stomachache (11.5%) were the most common SEs in PPMS patients. The most severe complication of the patients was back pain, while digestive complications were less severe. Also, insomnia and UTI were the patients’ most persistent SEs. Conclusions: The drug seems to be safe and well tolerated, as the SEs were mild and transient and they were consistent with most of the previous studies focusing on this medication.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2976http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2976/717718817

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021612025022629722972ENDepartment of MPT Cardiopulmonary, School of Health Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh1 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh,Department of MPT Cardiopulmonary, School of Health Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh1 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh,20250226Sir, The midlife period, typically defined as ages 40 to 59, is characterized by significant changes, particularly regarding physical activity levels, which profoundly influence overall quality of life. In recent years, a noticeable decline in physical activity among middle-aged adults has emerged, influenced by various factors such as socio-economic status, urban living conditions, functional disabilities, and lifestyle behaviours. This trend necessitates closer examination due to its implications for health and wellbeing.http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/2972http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/2972/717718813