Quality of Life in Elderly Iranian Population Using Leiden‑Padua Questionnaire: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170726Quality of Life in Elderly Iranian Population Using Leiden‑Padua Questionnaire: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis18111811ENDepartment of Health, Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, HamadanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranKnowledge Utilization Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, TehranDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran20170726The world population is getting old rapidly; the aging population is the new phenomenon in Iran too. The aim of this meta‑analysis was to estimate the overall and subscales mean score of quality of life (QOL) based on the Leiden‑Padua (LEIPAD) questionnaire among the elderly population of Iran. The major international and national databases including; Medlin, Scopus, Science Direct, SID, MagIran, IranMedex, and Irandoc was searched. All cross‑sectional studies, which measured the QOL among the elderly population in Iran using the LEIPAD questionnaire, were included. Furthermore, we used the following key words, “Quality of life,” “aging,” “aged,” “elderly,” and “Iran.” Of 2155 records, four articles reminded for the meta‑analysis, which involved 628 participants with a mean age of 71.73 ± 4.28 years. The mean scores of QOL in each scale were as follows: 10.80 (9.30–12.31) for physical health, 13.51 (6.81–20.21) for self‑care scale, 8.60 (5.07–12.14) for depression and anxiety, 12.48 (10.39–14.58) for cognitive functioning scale, 2.19 (0.67–3.72) for sexual functioning scale, 10.98 (5.87–16.09) for life satisfaction scale, and 5.90 (3.64–8.16) for social desirability scale. This study revealed that the total QOL for the elderly population is relatively low in Iranian society. It is appeared to provide social support, and upgrade their QOL seems to be essential for the elderly population. Keywords: Elderly, Iran, Leiden‑Padua questionnaire, meta‑analysis, quality of life <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1811http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1811/2100

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170726Prediction of Low Birth Weight Delivery by Maternal Status and Its Validation: Decision Curve Analysis18091809ENDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanStudent Research Center, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Public Health, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak20170726Background: In this study, we evaluated assessed elements connected with low birth weight (LBW) and used decision curve analysis (DCA) to defne a scale to anticipate the probability of having a LBW newborn child. Methods: This hospital‑based case–control study was led in Arak Hospital in Iran. The study included 470 mothers with LBW neonate and 470 mothers with natural neonates. Information were gathered by meeting moms utilizing preplanned organized questionnaire and from hospital records. The estimated probabilities of detecting LBW were calculated using the logistic regression and DCA to quantify the clinical consequences and its validation. Results: Factors signifcantly associated with LBW were premature membrane rupture (odds ratio [OR] = 3.18 [1.882– 5.384]), former LBW infants (OR = 2.99 [1.510–5.932]), premature pain (OR = 2.70 [1.659– 4.415]), hypertension in pregnancy (OR = 2.39 [1.429–4.019]), last trimester of pregnancy bleeding (OR = 2.58 [1.018–6.583]), mother age >30 (OR = 2.17 [1.350–3.498]). However, with DCA, the prediction model made on these 15 variables has a net beneft (NB) of 0.3110 is best predictive with the highest NB. NB has simple clinical interpretation and utilizing the model is what might as well be called a procedure that distinguished what might as well be called 31.1 LBW per 100 cases with no superﬂuous recognize. Conclusions: It is conceivable to foresee LBW utilizing a prediction model show in light of noteworthy hazard components connected with LBW. The majority of the hazard elements for LBW are preventable, and moms can be alluded amid early pregnancy to a middle which is furnished with facilities for administration of high hazard pregnancy and LBW infant. Keywords: Decision curve analysis, low birth weight, maternal status, validation <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1809http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1809/2098

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170705Driving Behavior among Different Groups of Iranian Drivers Based on Driver Coping Styles18081808ENDepartment of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of HSE, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran20170705Background: This study aimed to assess driving behavior of Iranian drivers based on their coping styles (problem‑oriented, emotion‑oriented, and avoiding). Methods: This study was conducted on 610 drivers divided into four different groups. The drivers’ behaviors and coping styles were evaluated using driver behavior questionnaire (DBQ) and coping inventory for stressful situations.Results: The results showed a signifcant difference among the three coping styles regarding the mean scores of DBQ dimensions (P < 0.001). In addition, the emotion‑oriented drivers obtained higher mean scores compared to those with other coping styles. Conclusions: It can be concluded that emotion‑oriented drivers were more susceptible to crashes compared to those with problem‑solving and avoidance coping styles. Keywords: Coping styles, driving behavior, emotion‑oriented drivers <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1808http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1808/2097

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170705A Randomized Clinical Trial on Treatment of Chronic Constipation by Traditional Persian Medicine Recommendations Compared to Allopathic Medicine: A Pilot Study18061806ENShiraz Gastroenterology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ShirazEssence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Phytopharmaceutical and Traditional Medicine Incubator & Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ShirazEssence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Phytopharmaceutical and Traditional Medicine Incubator & Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ShirazMedicinal Plants Processing Research Center & Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ShirazEssence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Phytopharmaceutical and Traditional Medicine Incubator & Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine & Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz20170705Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effcacy and side effects of lactulose plus traditional Persian medicine with only lactulose on the functional chronic constipation.Methods: Participants included 20 patients (10 in each group) aged 18–80 years, with major inclusion criteria of ROME III. They were assigned into two parallel therapeutic groups, including the intervention group (lactulose plus traditional Persian medicine [TPM] advices) and control group (only lactulose) through a block randomization. Weekly follow‑up was done for 1 month for both groups. Results: After the intervention, the frequency of bowel habit increased signifcantly in patients of both groups (P = 0.001), and the frequency of hard stool defecation, sensation of painful defecation, sensation of incomplete evacuation, sensation of anorectal obstruction, and manual maneuver for evacuation were decreased signifcantly in patients of both groups (P < 0.001 for all comparisons and 0.025 for manual maneuver). However, the only signifcant difference between the two groups was more reduction in the sensation of painful defecation in the lactulose group versus lactulose plus TPM advices (P = 0.014). Conclusions: Based on the pilot study, no signifcant difference was shown between TPM with lactulose and lactulose only in the management of chronic functional constipation. However, the easy recommendations of TPM can be useful in improving chronic constipation. Keywords: Chronic functional constipation, lactulose, traditional Persian medicine <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1806http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1806/2095

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170705Awareness of the Necessity of Regular Eye Examinations among Diabetics: The Yazd Eye Study18051805ENCenter for Global Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus UniversityOphthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranOphthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran& Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, KhorramabadDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, YazdOphthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran20170705Background: Diabetic retinopathy and its consequence, diabetic macular edema, are leading causes of vision loss in diabetics and can develop even in the frst years after onset of diabetes. Being asymptomatic in primary phase and having compensatory effect of bilateral vision delay the necessity of eye care utilization. We conducted this study to determine diabetic individuals’ level of awareness about the importance of regular eye examinations. Methods: As part of the cross‑sectional, population‑based, Yazd Eye Study on people aged 40–80 years, diabetic participants were identifed for enrollment in this research. Participants underwent thorough ophthalmic examinations as well as detailed interview. Well‑trained interviewers asked participants about their awareness of screening eye examinations and their necessity. Fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, and complete lipid profle were assessed. All descriptive and analytic tests were done in survey mode. Logistic regression was applied to assess related risk factors. Results: Among 497 diabetic persons out of 2098 participants, 364 respondents (73.4%; 95% confdence interval: 68.6‑78.2) were not aware of the necessity of regular eye examinations. Among 133 aware respondents, 21 (16%) respondents had no eye examination over the past year. Educational level signifcantly correlated with awareness (P = 0.004), and physicians were the most frequent source of awareness (79.7%). Conclusions: This study showed that a signifcant proportion of Yazd diabetic population (about 73%) needs to be informed about the necessity of regular eye examinations. The remaining respondents, who had this information, mainly had undergone regular ophthalmologist visits, which imply that educational interventions could improve the situation.Keywords: Awareness, diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1805http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1805/2094

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170705Passive Leg Raising: Simple and Reliable Technique to Prevent Fluid Overload in Critically ill Patients18041804ENepartment of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Section of Nephrology, Chicago, Illinois20170705Background: Dynamic measures, the response to stroke volume (SV) to ﬂuid loading, have been used successfully to guide ﬂuid management decisions in critically ill patients. However, application of dynamic measures is often inaccurate to predict ﬂuid responsiveness in patients with arrhythmias, ventricular dysfunction or spontaneously breathing critically ill patients. Passive leg raising (PLR) is a simple bedside maneuver that may provide an accurate alternative to guide ﬂuid resuscitation in hypovolemic critically ill patients. Methods: Pertinent medical literature for ﬂuid responsiveness in the critically ill patient published in English was searched over the past three decades, and then the search was extended as linked citations indicated. Results: Thirty‑three studies including observational studies, randomized control trials, systemic review, and meta‑analysis studies evaluating ﬂuid responsiveness in the critically ill patient met selection criteria. Conclusions: PLR coupled with real‑time SV monitors is considered a simple, noninvasive, and accurate method to determine ﬂuid responsiveness in critically ill patients with high sensitivity and specifcity for a 10% increase in SV. The adverse effect of albumin on the mortality of head trauma patients and chloride‑rich crystalloids on mortality and kidney function needs to be considered when choosing the type of ﬂuid for resuscitation.Keywords: Colloids, critically ill patients, crystalloids, ﬂuid responsiveness, passive leg raising, stroke volume <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1804http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1804/2093

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170726Effects of Yogurt and Yogurt Plus Shallot Consumption on Lipid Profles in Type 2 Diabetic Women18101810ENFood Security Research Center & Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanFood Security Research Center & Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanStudents’ Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanFood Security Research Center & Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanFood Security Research Center & Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffth University, QLDFood Security Research Center & Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20170726Background: Identifcation of food with lowering cholesterol level properties plays a vital role to control impaired lipid profle among type 2 diabetic patients. the current study aimed to evaluate the effects of yogurt and yogurt plus shallot intake on lipid profles in type 2 diabetic women. Methods: Forty-eight participants with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. Participants in the frst group (n = 22) received 150 ml of low‑fat yogurt (1.5% fat) and those in the second group (n = 26) received 150 ml of low‑fat yogurt (1.5% fat) plus shallot for 10 weeks. Serum triglyceride (TG), low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‑C), total cholesterol (TC) concentrations, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured before and after each intervention. Results: comparison of parameters between two groups after intervention showed that TG and TC concentrations decreased more in participants who consumed yogurt plus shallot than who consumed yogurt (P = 0.003 and P = 0.04, respectively), also LDL‑C level of participants who were in yogurt plus shallot group was lower than that of participants in yogurt group, but this difference was marginally signifcant (P = 0.06). However, FBS level was not statistically different between two groups. Conclusions: This study found that yogurt plus shallot intake signifcantly decreased LDL-C, TG, and TC levels in diabetic women compared with yogurt intake. Keywords: Shallot, type II diabetes, yogurt <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1810http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1810/2099

International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021220170705Assessing the Need for Routine Screening for Mycoplasma genitalium in the Low‑risk Female Population: A Prevalence and Co‑infection Study on Women from Croatia18071807ENClinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, & Medical Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, ZagrebClinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic Dr. Zora Profozić", ZagrebEpidemiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, Zagreb & Social Medicine and Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, RijekaClinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, ZagrebClinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, ZagrebClinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, & Medical Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb20170705Background: There is an ongoing debate regarding possible cost and benefts, but also harm of universal screening for the emerging sexually transmitted pathogen Mycoplasma genitalium. Methods: From the initial pool of 8665 samples that were tested, a subset of Chlamydia trachomatis‑positive and randomly selected C. trachomatis‑negative cervical swabs were further interrogated for M. genitalium by real‑time polymerase chain reaction, using a 224 bp long fragment of the glyceraldehyde‑3‑phosphate dehydrogenase gene. Results: M. genitalium was detected in 4.8% of C. trachomatis‑positive samples and none of C. trachomatis‑negative samples. Accordingly, a signifcant association was shown between M. genitalium and C. trachomatis (P < 0.01), but also between M. genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis infection (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Based on the results, routine screening is recommended only for women with one or more identifed risk factors. Moreover, younger age does not represent an appropriate inclusion/exclusion criterion for M. genitalium testing in the low‑risk female population. Keywords: Cervical swabs, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, screening, sexually transmitted infections <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1807http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1807/2096