International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170916Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Uptake in Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis18281828ENSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan,
SaskatoonSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan,
SaskatoonSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan,
SaskatoonSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan,
SaskatoonSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon20170916<p><span class="fontstyle0">Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most commonly sexually transmitted infection in the world and the primary cause of cervical cancer. Canada introduced publicly funded HPV vaccination programs in 2006. The objectives of this study are twofold and aim to (1) determine the levels and (2) examine the various factors influencing vaccine uptake among the general Canadian population. A literature search was conducted on seven databases, followed by screening, methodological quality review (using modifed Newcastle‑Ottawa Scale), and data extraction. Pooled meta‑analysis and a subgroup analysis were conducted stratifying by a number of variables (age, sex, type of program, and method of payment) determined </span><span class="fontstyle2">apriori</span><span class="fontstyle0">. A total of 718 peer‑reviewed articles were initially identifed with 12 remaining after screening and underwent methodological quality review. HPV vaccination uptake in Canada varied from 12.40% (95% confdence interval [CI] 6.77–20.26) to 88.20% (95% CI 85.72–90.39). The pooled random effects model showed the HPV vaccination uptake to be 55.92% (95% CI 44.87–66.65). The subgroup analysis showed that vaccination uptake was 66.95% (95% CI 55.00–77.89) in participants ≤ 18 years as compared to 13.58% (95% CI<br />10.93–16.46) in participants > 18 years. Uptake for females was higher 57.23% (95% CI: 45.40– 68.66) when compared to that of 47.01% (95% CI: 0.82–97.75) in males. HPV vaccine uptake among school‑based programs was 69.62% (95% CI 57.27–80.68) as compared to 18.66% (95% CI 6.66–34.92) for community‑based programs. Vaccination uptake for publicly funded programs was signifcantly higher 66.95% (95% CI 55.00–77.89) when compared to 13.58% (95% CI 10.92– 16.46) for programs where participants had to pay out of pocket. To prevent infections and reduce the burden of HPV‑related diseases (including cervical cancer), communities should be made aware and encouraged to vaccinate their children. There is a documented need to direct effort and focus interventions toward improving HPV vaccination uptake in Canada.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle3"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Canada, immunization, papillomavirus infections, papillomavirus vaccines, uterine cervical neoplasms, virus diseases</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1828http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1828/2117International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170916Carotenoids as Potential Antioxidant Agents in Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review18271827ENIsfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanIsfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanIsfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanHypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20170916<p><span class="fontstyle0">Stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Prevention of modifable risk factors is a cost‑effective approach to decrease the risk of stroke. Oxidative stress is regarded as the major flexible operative agent in ischemic brain damage. This review presents recent scientifc advances in understanding the role of carotenoids as antioxidants in lowering stroke risk based on observational studies. We searched Medline using the following terms: (Carotenoids [MeSH] OR Carotenes [tiab] OR Carotene [tiab] OR “lycopene [Supplementary Concept]” [MeSH] OR lycopene [tiab] OR beta‑Carotene [tiab]) AND (stroke [MeSH] OR stroke [tiab] OR “Cerebrovascular Accident” [tiab] OR “Cerebrovascular Apoplexy” [tiab] OR “Brain Vascular Accident” [tiab] OR “Cerebrovascular Stroke” [tiab]) AND (“oxidative stress” [MeSH] OR “oxidative stress”[tiab]). This search considered papers that had been published between 2000 and 2017. Recent studies indicated that high dietary intake of six main carotenoids (i.e., lycopene, </span><span class="fontstyle2">⟨</span><span class="fontstyle0">‑ and </span><span class="fontstyle2"></span><span class="fontstyle0">‑carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and astaxanthin) was associated with reduced risk of stroke and other cardiovascular outcomes. However, the main mechanism of the action of these nutrients was not identifed, and multiple mechanisms except antioxidant activity were suggested to be involved in the observed benefcial effects. The dietary intake of six major carotenoids should be promoted as this may have a substantial positive effect on stroke prevention and stroke mortality reduction.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle3"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle4">Carotenoids, oxidative stress, stroke</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1827http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1827/2116International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170911Preventive Kidney Stones: Continue Medical Education18231823ENDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IllinoisDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran20170911<p><span class="fontstyle0">Nephrolithiasis is a common health problem across the globe with a prevalence of 15%–20%. Idiopathic hypercalciuria is the most common cause of nephrolithiasis, and calcium oxalate stones are the most common type of stones in idiopathic hypercalciuric patients. Calcium phosphate<br />stones are frequently associated with other diseases such as renal tubular acidosis type 1, urinary tract infections, and hyperparathyroidism. Compared with flat abdominal flm and renal sonography, a noncontrast helical computed tomography scan of the abdomen is the diagnostic procedure of choice for detection of small and radiolucent kidney stones with sensitivity and specifcity of nearly 100%. Stones smaller than 5 mm in diameter often pass the urinary tract system and rarely require surgical interventions. The main risk factors for stone formation are low urine output, high urinary concentrations of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, and uric acid compounded by a lower excretion of magnesium and citrate. A complete metabolic workup to identify the risk factors is highly recommended in patients who have passed multiple kidney stones or those with recurrent disease. Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are treated by the use of thiazide diuretics, allopurinol, and potassium citrate. Strategies to prevent kidney stone recurrence should include the elimination of the identifed risk factors and a dietary regimen low in salt and protein, rich in calcium and magnesium which is coupled with adequate fluid intake. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle2"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Calcium oxalate, idiopathic hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis, prevention, risk factors</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1823http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1823/2114International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170920Face and Content Validity of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for the Treatment of Iranian Patients18311831ENPhD in Medical Ethics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanMedical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
TehranDepartment of Psychiatry, Kashan University of
Medical Sciences, KashanDepartment of Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, KashanDepartment of Psychology, Medical Faculty, Kashan
University of Medical Sciences, KashanMedical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center & Endocrinology and Metabolism Research
Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran20170920<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">There is not a valid Persian tool for measuring the decision‑making competency of patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the face and content validity of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for the treatment of Iranian Persian‑speaking patients.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">To assess the validity of the Persian version of the tool, a self‑administrated questionnaire was designed. The Lawshe method was also used for assessing each item. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used to assess the content validity quantitatively. According to the experts’ judgment, questions with a CVR ≥0.62 and CVR <0.62 were maintainable and unmaintainable, respectively. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The questions were designed in a manner to achieve the desirable result (CVR ≥0.62). The CVI scale (S‑CVI) and CVI (S‑CVI/Ave) were 0.94 (higher than 0.79). Thus, the content validity was confrmed. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Since capacity assessments are usually based on physician’s subjective judgment, they are likely to bias and therefore, with this suitably validated tool, we can improve judgment of physicians and health‑care<br />providers in out‑ and in‑patient cases. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Decision‑making, informed consent, MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool, mental<br />capacity, patient competency, validity</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1831http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1831/2120International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170920Indicator for Success of Obesity Reduction Programs in Adolescents: Body Composition or Body Mass Index? Evaluating a School‑based Health Promotion Project after 12 Weeks of Intervention18291829ENDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Health Education and Promotion,
Ministry of Health, TehranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Food Industry, School of Food Sciences and Industry, Islamic Azad University,
KhouzestanDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food
Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, TabrizStudent Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranStudent Research Committee, Department
of community nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition
and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran20170920<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Obesity in adolescence is the strongest risk factor for obesity in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on different anthropometric indices in 12–16‑year‑old boy adolescents after 12 Weeks of Intervention. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">A total of 96 male adolescents from two schools participated in this study. The schools were randomly assigned to intervention (53 students) and control school (43 students). Height and weight of students were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body fat percent (BF) and body muscle percent (BM) was assessed using a bioimpedance analyzer considering the age, gender, and height of students at baseline and after intervention. The obesity reduction intervention was implemented in the intervention school based on the Ottawa charter for health promotion. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Twelve weeks of intervention decreased BF percent in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (decreased by 1.81% in the intervention group and increased by 0.39% in the control group, </span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.01). However, weight, BMI, and BM did not change signifcantly. </span><span class="fontstyle0">Conclusions: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The result of this study showed that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention decreased the body fat percent in obese adolescents, although these changes was not reflected in the BMI. It is possible that BMI is not a good indicator in assessment of the success of obesity management intervention.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Adolescence obesity, BMI, body composition, lifestyle intervention</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1829http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1829/2118International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170920An Analysis of Widely Viewed YouTube Videos on Anal Cancer18301830ENDepartment of Public Health, William Paterson University, NJ 07470Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, NJ 07470Teachers College, Columbia University, New YorkDepartment of Public Health, William Paterson University, NJ 07470Teachers College, Columbia University, New York20170920<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Rates of anal squamous cell carcinoma have increased over recent decades. The aim of this study was to describe characteristics of widely viewed YouTube videos about anal cancer.<br /></span><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">A total of 57 videos were identifed and reviewed. Videos were assessed and coded with respect to date uploaded, upload source, gender of presenter, number of views, length in minutes, number of likes and dislikes, and selected aspects of content. Each video was assessed to determine if the sole purpose of the video was to provide information regarding anal cancer or existed to serve another purpose. Content related to anal cancer was categorized. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The mean number of views was 23,548 (range 1014–440,078), and the average length of videos was 8:14 min. The upload source of 57 videos was 19 (33.3%) by consumers, 12 (21.1%) by professional, and 26 (45.6%) by news‑based sources. More than half (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 30; 52.6%) had the sole purpose of providing information. The most frequently mentioned topics were treatment (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 25, 43.9%), symptoms (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 15, 26.3%),<br />encouraging screening, human papillomavirus, and pain, respectively (</span><span class="fontstyle3">n </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 14, 26.4% for each); only 6 of the 57 videos (10.5%) specifcally mentioned prevention. None of 57 most widely viewed videos were uploaded by any agency of the U.S. Public Health Service or by any other U.S. governmental agency. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">It is important for health practitioners to be aware of the type of information available for their patients on the YouTube platform.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Anal cancer, communication, social media, YouTube</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1830http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1830/2119International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170911Effect of Angiotensin‑converting Enzyme Inhibitor on Cardiac Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Status in Lipopolysaccharide‑induced Inflammation Model in Rats18251825ENDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, MashhadDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, EsfarayenDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, MashhadDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, MashhadNeurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine,
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, MashhadNeurogenic Inflammation Research Center,
School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad20170911<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Renin‑angiotensin (Ang)‑aldosterone system not only plays a key role in the regulation of circulatory homeostasis, but also it acts as a powerful pro‑inflammatory mediator. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of captopril (Cap), a known Ang‑converting enzyme inhibitor, on inflammation‑induced cardiac fbrosis, and heart oxidative stress status in<br />lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammation in male rats. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Fifty male rats were randomly divided into fve groups control, LPS (1 mg/kg/day), LPS + Cap 10 mg/kg, LPS + Cap 50 mg/kg and LPS + Cap 100 mg/kg. After 2 weeks, blood samples were taken, and hearts were harvested for evaluation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‑</span><span class="fontstyle3">α</span><span class="fontstyle2">), interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and nitric oxide metabolite in serum and tissue hemogenate, histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s<br />trichrome) and oxidative stress status. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Serum IL‑6 and TNF‑</span><span class="fontstyle3">α </span><span class="fontstyle2">concentration were higher in LPS group compared to control and Cap reduced them, signifcantly. Heart TNF‑</span><span class="fontstyle3">α </span><span class="fontstyle2">and IL‑6 contents in LPS group were signifcantly higher than control (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.05). The administration of Cap signifcantly decreased inflammatory markers level to control (</span><span class="fontstyle4">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.05). The higher levels of malondialdehyde and lower antioxidative markers (total thiol, superoxide dismutase, and catalase)<br />in the heart were observed in LPS group and treatment by Cap improved them, dose‑dependently. Histopathological study revealed cardiac fbrosis and more collagen content in LPS group which signifcantly improved by Cap treatment. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Treatment by Cap reduced cardiac fbrosis possibly through improving oxidative stress status, and it can be considered to increase cardiac compliance in this condition.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle4">Angiotensin, cardiac, fbrosis, inflammation</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1825http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1825/2112International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170911Health Status and Working Condition of Migrant Workers: Major Public Health Problems18241824ENDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of
Medicine, Istanbul University & Department of
Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, University
of Manchester, Manchester, UK & Department of Endocrinology, Regenerative and Restorative
Medicine Research Center, International School of
Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul20170911<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Very little research and survey have been performed on the occupational health, hazards, and working condition of urban and rural of workers in Qatar. The aim of the current study is to identify the health status, lifestyle condition, working‑related problems, and accidents</span><span class="fontstyle2">experienced by Indian subcontinental migrants (ISCM) in Qatar and their access to health‑care facilities. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">This is a cross‑sectional study based on a representative sample of 1186 workers and study covering sociodemographic characteristics, medical conditions, and health‑seeking behaviors and personal experience. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">There were statistically signifcant differences between semi‑urban and urban migrant workers in terms of educational, occupation, income, working hours, and accommodation type (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.001). Furthermore, there were statistically signifcant differences between migrant workers in terms of body mass index, delay in receiving salary, the right to medical insurance and sick day entitlement, cigarettes and shisha smoking, amenities, having on‑site safety measure, and sleeping hours (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.01). Moreover, there were statistically signifcant differences between semi‑urban and urban migrant workers in terms of pain, cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal,<br />and pseudoneurologic and medical symptoms (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">< 0.01). Multiple logistic regression was used for predictors’ health problems in migrant workers such as the absence of drinking water, tap water availability, safety facility tools, occupational status, shisha smoking, toilet facility, working hours,<br />and accommodation type were considered the strong predictors. </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0">Conclusions: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The current study revealed that there is a lack of insuffcient information for the migrants about their lifestyle, medical conditions, health risks, injury, and rights privilege in relation to legal working condition and health services.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Access health care, health status, lifestyle, migrant workers, safety</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1824http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1824/2113International Journal of Preventive Medicine (Int J Prev Med)2008-78021420170911Birth Weight as a Cardio Metabolic Risk Factor in Iranian Adolescents18261826ENPediatric Growth Disorders Research Center, 17 Shahrivar Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, GuilanDepartment of Pediatrics, Breastfeeding Research
Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Pediatrics, Breastfeeding Research
Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, GuilanPediatric Growth Disorders Research Center, 17 Shahrivar Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, GuilanPediatric Growth Disorders Research Center, 17 Shahrivar Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan20170911<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Background</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">A large number of epidemiological studies from different geographical regions showed a considerable relationship between low birth weight (LBW) and adverse health effects later in life. This study aims to assess the birth weight (BW) as a cardio metabolic risk factor in Iranian adolescents. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">This cross‑sectional study was conducted on 12‑year‑old students<br />from different areas of Rasht, North Iran. Data were collected by a questionnaire including variables as birth height, BW, gestational age, blood pressure, and laboratory tests including triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol, low‑density lipoprotein‑cholesterol (LDL‑C), high‑density<br />lipoprotein‑cholesterol (HDL‑C), and insulin level. Data were analyzed using </span><span class="fontstyle3">t</span><span class="fontstyle2">‑test, Chi‑square, and Pearson correlation coeffcient. </span></p><p><strong></strong><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Overall, 858 adolescents participated in this study. Results<br />showed signifcant correlation between BW and abdominal circumference, hip circumference, total cholesterol, TG, HDL‑C and LDL‑C (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.064, 0.194, 0.224, 0.017, and 0.017, respectively).<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The study fndings on the correlation between BW and cardio metabolic factors might serve as confrmatory evidence on the association of LBW with future cardio metabolic disorders.<br /></span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #00652e;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle3">Birth weight, cardiometabolic, children, Iran, risk factor</span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" /></p>http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/view/1826http://ijpm.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijpm/article/download/1826/2115