Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Cystone Against Cisplatin‑induced Nephrotoxicity in Patients with Cancer: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Introduction: Cisplatin is a widely used anti‑cancer drug that is commonly administered for the
treatment of various cancers. However, nephrotoxicity is the most important side effect of this
drug which limits its use. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Cystone against
nephrotoxicity induced by Cisplatin in patients with cancer.

Methods: This pilot clinical trial study
was conducted on 43 cancer patients treated with Cisplatin (75 mg/m2 for a period of six months).
The subjects were divided into treatment group (receiving Cystone, two per 8 hours; n = 21) and
control group (n = 22). The two groups were compared with each other in terms of demographic and
laboratory variables.

Results: In the intervention group receiving Cystone, serum creatinine‑based
GFR level (P = 0.453) and 24‑hour urine creatinine‑based GFR level (P = 0.397) did not change
significantly during the studied period, but in the control group, serum creatinine‑based GFR
level (P = 0.013) and 24‑hour urine creatinine‑based GFR level (P = 0.016) significantly changed.
Serum creatinine‑based GFR level increased by 2.3 units in the intervention group and 10.5 units in
the control group (P = 0.005) in the six months of the study. At the end of the sixth month, 24‑hour
urine creatinine‑based GFR level increased by 2.2 units in the intervention group and 0.8 unit in the
control group (P = 0.008).

Conclusions: The use of Cystone resulted in more stable kidney function
indices in the intervention group, as compared with the control group. Therefore, Cystone seems to
have a protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by Cisplatin in cancer patients.

Keywords: Cisplatin, cystone, neoplasm, nephrotoxicity