Radiomorphometric Indices and their Relation to Alveolar Bone Loss: A Panoramic Radiographic Study

Bhushan R. Bangar, Sandhya R. Rampati, Susheen M. Gajare, Yamini Vanama, Sai S. Tummala, Charita C. Vemulapalli, Suresh B. J, Swarnalatha C, Abhishek S. Nayyar

Abstract


Aim: To assess the influence of gender and age on different parameters of alveolar bone loss using specific radiomorphometric indices on panoramic radiographs to aid in identifying patients with possible low bone mineral density (BMD). Materials and Methods: The present cross‑sectional study included 80 subjects in whom mandibular cortical index (MCI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), alveolar bone loss (ABL), and bone height in 1st premolar (Hp) and 1st molar (Hm) were assessed to evaluate the alveolar bone loss. Results: The findings of the present study revealed a significant association between MCI and age for females with C2 and C3 categories being more common with advancing age. Also, a significant difference could be seen in relation to gender (p‑value = 0.0315) for MCW with a concomitant decrease in values of MCW in females >60 years of age. The vertical bone height of the edentulous mandible at 1st premolar (Hp) (p‑value = 0.0071) and 1st molar (Hm) (p‑value = 0.0044) regions were also found to be more in males than females. Conclusion: Panoramic radiographic measurements provided valuable information for alveolar bone loss in terms of gender and age based on specific radiomorphometric parameters.

Keywords


Alveolar bone loss; panoramic radiography; radiomorphometric indices

Full Text:

PDF

References


Devlin H, Ferguson MW. Alveolar ridge resorption and

mandibular atrophy: A review of the role of local and systemic

factors. Br Dent J 1991;170:101‑4.

Alonso MB, Cortes AR, Camargo AJ, Arita ES, Haiter‑Neto F,

Watanabe PC. Assessment of panoramic radiomorphometric

indices of the mandible in a Brazilian population. ISRN

Rheumatol 2011;2011:854287.

Nemati S, Kajan ZD, Saberi BV, Arzin Z, Erfani MH. Diagnostic

value of panoramic indices to predict osteoporosis and

osteopenia in post‑menopausal women. J Oral Maxillofac Radiol

;4:23‑30.

Calciolari E, Donos N, Park JC, Petrie A, Mardas N. Panoramic

measures for oral bone mass in detecting osteoporosis:

A systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Dent Res

;94:S17‑27.

Mohammed AR, Abbas FK, Hassan NA. Diagnostic efficacy

of mandibular cortical thickness on panoramic radiographs

to identify post‑menopausal women with low bone mineral

densities (Iraqi Population). J Am Sci 2013;9:308‑12.

Jagelavičienė E, Krasauskienė A, Žalinkevičius R, Vaitkevičienė I,

Kubilius R. Relationship between the mandibular cortical index

and calcaneal bone mineral density in post‑menopausal women.

Medicina (Kaunas) 2016;52:125‑31.

Devlin H, Karayianni K, Mitsea A, Jacobs R, Lindh C,

van der Stelt P, et al. Diagnosing osteoporosis by using dental

panoramic radiographs: The Osteodent project. Oral Surg Oral

Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;104:821‑8.

Benson BW, Prihoda TJ, Glass BJ. Variations in adult cortical

bone mass as measured by a panoramic mandibular index. Oral

Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1991;71:349‑56.

Klemetti E, Kolmakov S, Kröger H. Pantomography in

assessment of the osteoporosis risk group. Scand J Dent Res

;102:68‑72.

Ishii K, Taguchi A, Nakamoto T, Ohtsuka M, Sutthiprapaporn P,

Tsuda M, et al. Diagnostic efficacy of alveolar bone loss of the

mandible for identifying post‑menopausal women with femoral

osteoporosis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2007;36:28‑33.

Hekmatin E, Ahmadi SS, Ataiekhorasgani M, Feizianfard M,

Jafaripozve S, Jafaripozve N. Prediction of lumbar spine

bone mineral density from the mandibular cortical width in

post‑menopausal women. J Res Med Sci 2013;18:951‑5.

Johari Khatoonabad M, Aghamohammadzade N, Taghilu H,

Esmaeili F, Jabbari Khamnei H. Relationship among panoramic

radiography findings, biochemical markers of bone turnover and

hip BMD in the diagnosis of post‑menopausal osteoporosis. Iran

J Radiol 2011;8:23‑8.

Güler AU, Sumer M, Sumer P, Biçer I. The evaluation of vertical

heights of maxillary and mandibular bones and the location of

anatomic landmarks in panoramic radiographs of edentulous

patients for implant dentistry. J Oral Rehabil 2005;32:741‑6.

Gulsahi A, Yüzügüllü B, Imirzalioglu P, Genç Y. Assessment

of panoramic radiomorphometric indices in Turkish patients of

different age groups, gender and dental status. Dentomaxillofac

Radiol 2008;37:288‑92.

Govindraju P, Chandra P. Radiomorphometric indices of the

mandible: An indicator of osteoporosis. J Clin Diagn Res

;8:195‑8.

Cakur B, Dagistan S, Sahin A, Harorli A, Yilmaz A. Reliability

of mandibular cortical index and mandibular bone mineral

density in the detection of osteoporotic women. Dentomaxillofac

Radiol 2009;38:255‑61.

Gaur B, Chaudhary A, Wanjari PV, Sunil M, Basavaraj P.

Evaluation of panoramic radiographs as a screening tool of

osteoporosis in post‑menopausal women: A cross‑sectional study.

J Clin Diagn Res 2013;7:2051‑5.

Scandrett FR, Tebo HG, Miller JT, Quigley MB. Radiographic

examination of the edentulous patient. I. Review of the literature

and preliminary report comparing three methods. Oral Surg Oral

Med Oral Pathol 1973;35:266‑74.

Ledgerton D, Horner K, Devlin H, Worthington H.

Radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in a British female

population. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1999;28:173‑81.

Bras J, van Ooij CP, Abraham‑Inpijn L, Kusen GJ, Wilmink JM.

Radiographic interpretation of the mandibular angular cortex:

A diagnostic tool in metabolic bone loss. Part I. Normal state.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1982;53:541‑5.

Zlataric DK, Celebic A. Clinical bone densitometric evaluation of the

mandible in removable denture wearers dependent on the morphology

of the mandibular cortex. J Prosthet Dent 2003;90:86‑91.

Dutra V, Yang J, Devlin H, Susin C. Mandibular bone

remodelling in adults: Evaluation of panoramic radiographs.

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33:323‑8.

Yüzügüllü B, Gulsahi A, Imirzalioglu P. Radiomorphometric

indices and their relation to alveolar bone loss in completely

edentulous Turkish patients: A retrospective study. J Prosthet

Dent 2009;101:160‑5.

Zlataric DK, Celebic A. Mandibular bone mineral density

changes in complete and removable partial denture wearers:

A 6‑month follow‑up study. Int J Prosthodont 2003;16:661‑5.

Klemetti E, Kolmakov S, Heiskanen P, Vainio P, Lassila V.

Panoramic mandibular index and bone mineral densities in

post‑menopausal women. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol

;75:774‑9.

Klemetti E, Kolmakow S. Morphology of the mandibular cortex

on panoramic radiographs as an indicator of bone quality.

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1997;26:22‑5.

Ramalli LT, Camargo AJ, Monteiro SA, Watanabe PC. Use

of panoramic radiographs to detect signs of osteoporosis in

edentulous. Health 2016;7:1671‑7.