Anti‑Inflammatory Effects of a Period of Aerobic Training and Vitamin D Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Parivash Najafi Nazarabadi, Zaher Etemad, Rastegar Hoseini, Fatah Moradi

Abstract


Background: Inflammatory markers of blood are critical predictors of chronic diseases as well as exacerbating risk factors. Exercise is a well‑known strategy to reduce the risk of inflammation and chronic disease. The present study aimed to investigate the anti‑inflammatory effects of a period of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation (AT + Vit D) in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This quasi‑experimental research was performed on forty‑six patients with metabolic syndrome who were selected according to the available sampling method, and were randomly divided into four groups: AT + Vit D (50,000 IU), AT, Vit D (50,000 IU), and control (C). The training protocol consisted of 40–60 min of AT 60–75% of maximal heart rate, three times a week, for 8 weeks. One‑way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t‑test were used to compare the between and within groups; the Bonferroni post hoc test was used if significant differences were found. Results: The combination of exercise and vitamin D significantly reduced C‑reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.001), interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) (P = 0.001), and improved the metabolic syndrome indices (P = 0.001 in all indices). The results also show that the improvement in the metabolic syndrome indices, CRP, and IL‑6 was more significant in AT + Vit D, compared to AT or Vit D alone. Conclusions: The findings from the present study suggested that a sedentary lifestyle and vitamin D deficiency accelerated the occurrence of metabolic syndrome probably by increasing the anti‑inflammatory. Additionally, adequate levels of plasma vitamin D are necessary to achieve the beneficial metabolic effects of AT.

Keywords


Exercise; inflammatory markers; metabolic syndrome; vitamin D

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