Effects of Omega-3 Supplement in the Treatment of Patients with Bipolar I Disorder

Abstract

Background: Fatty acids play various physiological roles in the organism; they are crucial for the structure of cell membranes, metabolic processes, transmission of nerve impulses and brain
functions. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the rich sources of omega‑3 for the treatment of many diseases, especially mental illnesses. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of omega‑3 supplement in the treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder (BID).

Methods: In this double‑blind clinical trial, 100 patients suffering from BIDs were randomly divided into two, i.e. control (n = 50) and experimental (n = 50) groups. In addition to the other standard treatments, 1000 mg of omega‑3 supplement was given to the experimental group on daily basis for 3 months and placebo was given to the control group. The Young Mania Rating Scale was completed for both groups before and after the intervention. Afterward, data were analyzed using paired t‑test, independent t‑test, and Chi‑square test.

Results: Before intervention, mean severity of mania in the experimental group (23.50 ± 7.02) and control group (23.70 ± 8.09) was not significant (P ≤ 0.89). The difference after the intervention in the experimental group (10.64 ± 3.3) and control group (20.12 ± 6.78) was significant (P < 0.01). The mean intensity of mania before (23.50 ± 7.02) and after (10.64 ± 3.3) intervention reported to be significant at P < 0.05.

Conclusions: Since omega‑3 supplement was effective for the treatment of BID, it is suggested to use omega‑3 supplements as an adjuvant therapy along with the other pharmacotherapies.

Keywords: Bipolar I disorder, omega‑3 supplement, treatment