Effects of Balanced Supplementation with Multiple Trace Elements on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Immune Function in High-Fat DietInduced Rats

Abstract

Background: A high‑fat diet (HFD) significantly contributes to the development of chronic diseases, which have become a major public health concern. These diseases affect individuals’ health and quality of life and hinder socioeconomic progress. Trace elements (TEs) are crucial in various physiological and biochemical processes. Although the effects of single or a few TEs have been extensively reported, considering the complex interactions between different TEs, the effects of balanced supplementation of multiple TEs still need further investigation. Methods: In this research, 11 TEs (B, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, and Mo) were selected and prepared as a mixed solution in specific proportions to supplement rats. The study investigated the effects of balanced supplementation of multiple TEs on inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune function in rats fed an HFD. Results: The results demonstrated that supplementing multiple TEs had several positive effects, including increased lipid metabolism in HFD rats, improved dyslipidemia, reduced weight and obesity incidence, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, and improved anti‑inflammatory capacity. Conclusions: Therefore, the balanced supplementation of various TEs is expected to become an effective method to prevent and control the harmful effects of HFD